python之wxPython菜单使用详解

yipeiwu_com6年前Python基础

本文实例讲述了python中wxPython菜单的使用方法,分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下:

先来看看下面这段代码:

import wx 
APP_EXIT=1  #定义一个控件ID 
 
class Example(wx.Frame): 
  def __init__(self, parent, id, title): 
    super(Example,self).__init__(parent, id, title)    #调用你类的初始化 
 
    self.InitUI()      #调用自身的函数 
 
  def InitUI(self):  #自定义的函数,完成菜单的设置 
 
    menubar = wx.MenuBar()    #生成菜单栏 
    filemenu = wx.Menu()    #生成一个菜单 
 
 
    qmi = wx.MenuItem(filemenu, APP_EXIT, "Quit")   #生成一个菜单项 
    qmi.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap("2.bmp"))    #给菜单项前面加个小图标 
    filemenu.AppendItem(qmi)      #把菜单项加入到菜单中 
 
    menubar.Append(filemenu, "&File")    #把菜单加入到菜单栏中 
    self.SetMenuBar(menubar)      #把菜单栏加入到Frame框架中 
 
    self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnQuit, id=APP_EXIT)  #给菜单项加入事件处理 
 
    self.SetSize((300, 200))      #设置下Frame的大小,标题,和居中对齐 
    self.SetTitle("simple menu") 
    self.Centre() 
 
    self.Show(True)    #显示框架 
 
  def OnQuit(self, e):  #自定义函数 响应菜单项   
    self.Close() 
 
def main(): 
 
  ex = wx.App()      #生成一个应用程序 
  Example(None, id=-1, title="main")  #调用我们的类 
  ex.MainLoop()#消息循环 
 
if __name__ == "__main__": 
  main() 

运行效果如下图所示:

这里再来解释下几个API,官方文档如下:

wxMenuItem* wxMenu::AppendSeparator()

Adds a separator to the end of the menu.
See also:
Append(), InsertSeparator()

wxMenuItem::wxMenuItem ( wxMenu *  parentMenu = NULL,
     int  id = wxID_SEPARATOR,
     const wxString &  text = wxEmptyString,
     const wxString &  helpString = wxEmptyString,
    wxItemKind  kind = wxITEM_NORMAL,
    wxMenu *  subMenu = NULL 
  )

Constructs a wxMenuItem object.
Menu items can be standard, or "stock menu items", or custom. For the standard menu items (such as commands to open a file, exit the program and so on, see Stock items for the full list) it is enough to specify just the stock ID and leave text and helpString empty. Some platforms (currently wxGTK only, and see the remark in SetBitmap() documentation) will also show standard bitmaps for stock menu items.
Leaving at least text empty for the stock menu items is actually strongly recommended as they will have appearance and keyboard interface (including standard accelerators) familiar to the user.
For the custom (non-stock) menu items, text must be specified and while helpString may be left empty, it's recommended to pass the item description (which is automatically shown by the library in the status bar when the menu item is selected) in this parameter.
Finally note that you can e.g. use a stock menu label without using its stock help string:
       
 // use all stock properties:
        helpMenu->Append(wxID_ABOUT);

        // use the stock label and the stock accelerator but not the stock help string:
        helpMenu->Append(wxID_ABOUT, "", "My custom help string");

        // use all stock properties except for the bitmap:
        wxMenuItem *mymenu = new wxMenuItem(helpMenu, wxID_ABOUT);
        mymenu->SetBitmap(wxArtProvider::GetBitmap(wxART_WARNING));
        helpMenu->Append(mymenu);
that is, stock properties are set independently one from the other.

Parameters:
  parentMenu  Menu that the menu item belongs to. Can be NULL if the item is going to be added to the menu later.
  id  Identifier for this menu item. May be wxID_SEPARATOR, in which case the given kind is ignored and taken to be wxITEM_SEPARATOR instead.
  text  Text for the menu item, as shown on the menu. See SetItemLabel() for more info.
  helpString  Optional help string that will be shown on the status bar.
  kind  May be wxITEM_SEPARATOR, wxITEM_NORMAL, wxITEM_CHECK or wxITEM_RADIO.
  subMenu  If non-NULL, indicates that the menu item is a submenu.

wxMenuItem* wxMenu::Append (  int  id,
     const wxString &  item = wxEmptyString,
     const wxString &  helpString = wxEmptyString,
    wxItemKind  kind = wxITEM_NORMAL 
  )     
Adds a menu item.
Parameters:
  id  The menu command identifier.
  item  The string to appear on the menu item. See wxMenuItem::SetItemLabel() for more details.
  helpString  An optional help string associated with the item. By default, the handler for the wxEVT_MENU_HIGHLIGHT event displays this string in the status line.
  kind  May be wxITEM_SEPARATOR, wxITEM_NORMAL, wxITEM_CHECK or wxITEM_RADIO.

Example:
        m_pFileMenu->Append(ID_NEW_FILE, "&New file\tCTRL+N", "Creates a new XYZ document");
or even better for stock menu items (see wxMenuItem::wxMenuItem):
        m_pFileMenu->Append(wxID_NEW, "", "Creates a new XYZ document");
Remarks:
This command can be used after the menu has been shown, as well as on initial creation of a menu or menubar.

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。

相关文章

Python 限定函数参数的类型及默认值方式

python作为一门动态语言,在使用变量之前是不需要进行定义,而是通过动态绑定的方法将变量绑定为某种类型。这样做为我们使用变量时提供了方便,但有时也给我们使用变量时造成了一定的困扰,例如...

python实现周期方波信号频谱图

python实现周期方波信号频谱图

在学习傅里叶变换的时候遇到了求周期方波信号频谱图的例子,在书上和网上查阅了一些资料,发现大都是讨论的都是下图左边的周期信号的频谱,课程老师的PPT中也只列出了另一种周期信号频谱图的结论,...

python 链接和操作 memcache方法

1,打开memcached服务 memcached -m 10 -p 12000 2,使用python-memcached模块,进行简单的链接和存取数据 import me...

Pycharm 2020年最新激活码(亲测有效)

PyCharm 具备一般 IDE 的功能,比如,调试、语法高亮、项目管理、代码跳转、智能提示、自动完成、单元测试、版本控制…另外,PyCharm 还提供了一些很好的功能用于 Django...

python3安装pip3(install pip3 for python 3.x)

python3安装pip3(install pip3 for python 3.x)

前言:   我目前使用的服务器为centos6.x 系统自带的python的版本为2.6.x,但是目前无论是学习还是使用python,python3都是首选,那么问题来了。---如何安装...