宜配屋

本文实例讲述了Python实现爬虫抓取与读写、追加到excel文件操作。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

爬取糗事百科热门

安装读写excel 依赖 pip install xlwt安装追加excel文件内容依赖 pip install xlutils安装 lxml

Python示例：

import csv
import requests
from lxml import etree
import time
import xlwt
import os
from xlutils.copy import copy
import xlrd
data_infos_list = []
headers = {
  'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 '
         '(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.140 Safari/537.36'}
# f = open('C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\qiubaibook.csv', 'a+', newline='', encoding='utf-8')
# writer = csv.writer(f)
# writer.writerow(('author', 'sex', 'rank', 'content', 'great', 'comment', 'time'))
filename = 'C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\qiubaibook.xls'
def get_info(url):
  res = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
  selector = etree.HTML(res.text)
  # print(res.text)
  htmls = selector.xpath('//div[contains(@class,"article block untagged mb15")]')
  # // *[ @ id = "qiushi_tag_120024357"] / a[1] / div / span 内容
  # //*[@id="qiushi_tag_120024357"]/div[2]/span[1]/i 好笑
  # //*[@id="c-120024357"]/i 评论
  # //*[@id="qiushi_tag_120024357"]/div[1]/a[2]/h2 作者
  # //*[@id="qiushi_tag_120024357"]/div[1]/div 等级
  # // womenIcon manIcon 性别
  for html in htmls:
    author = html.xpath('div[1]/a[2]/h2/text()')
    if len(author) == 0:
      author = html.xpath('div[1]/span[2]/h2/text()')
    rank = html.xpath('div[1]/div/text()')
    sex = html.xpath('div[1]/div/@class')
    if len(sex) == 0:
      sex = '未知'
    elif 'manIcon' in sex[0]:
      sex = '男'
    elif 'womenIcon' in sex[0]:
      sex = '女'
    if len(rank) == 0:
      rank = '-1'
    contents = html.xpath('a[1]/div/span/text()')
    great = html.xpath('div[2]/span[1]/i/text()') # //*[@id="qiushi_tag_112746244"]/div[3]/span[1]/i
    if len(great) == 0:
      great = html.xpath('div[3]/span[1]/i/text()')
    comment = html.xpath('div[2]/span[2]/a/i/text()') # //*[@id="c-112746244"]/i
    if len(comment) == 0:
      comment = html.xpath('div[3]/span[2]/a/i/text()')
    # classes = html.xpath('a[1]/@class')
    # writer.writerow((author[0].strip(), sex, rank[0].strip(), contents[0].strip(), great[0].strip(),
    #         comment[0].strip(), time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))))
    data_infos = [author[0].strip(), sex, rank[0].strip(), contents[0].strip(), great[0].strip(),
           comment[0].strip(), time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))]
    data_infos_list.append(data_infos)
def write_data(sheet, row):
  for data_infos in data_infos_list:
    j = 0
    for data in data_infos:
      sheet.write(row, j, data)
      j += 1
    row += 1
if __name__ == '__main__':
  urls = ['https://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/{}/'.format(num) for num in range(1, 14)]
  for url in urls:
    print(url)
    get_info(url)
    time.sleep(2)
  # 如果文件存在，则追加。如果文件不存在，则新建
  if os.path.exists(filename):
    # 打开excel
    rb = xlrd.open_workbook(filename, formatting_info=True) # formatting_info=True 保留原有字体颜色等样式
    # 用 xlrd 提供的方法获得现在已有的行数
    rn = rb.sheets()[0].nrows
    # 复制excel
    wb = copy(rb)
    # 从复制的excel文件中得到第一个sheet
    sheet = wb.get_sheet(0)
    # 向sheet中写入文件
    write_data(sheet, rn)
    # 删除原先的文件
    os.remove(filename)
    # 保存
    wb.save(filename)
  else:
    header = ['author', 'sex', 'rank', 'content', 'great', 'comment', 'time']
    book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
    sheet = book.add_sheet('糗百')
    # 向 excel 中写入表头
    for h in range(len(header)):
      sheet.write(0, h, header[h])
    # 向sheet中写入内容
    write_data(sheet, 1)
    book.save(filename)

更多关于Python相关内容可查看本站专题：《Python Socket编程技巧总结》、《Python正则表达式用法总结》、《Python数据结构与算法教程》、《Python函数使用技巧总结》、《Python字符串操作技巧汇总》、《Python入门与进阶经典教程》及《Python文件与目录操作技巧汇总》

希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。