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python获取文件后缀名及批量更新目录下文件后缀名的方法

yipeiwu_com7年前 (2020-03-06)Python基础

本文实例讲述了python获取文件后缀名及批量更新目录下文件后缀名的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体实现方法如下：

1. 获取文件后缀名：

#!/usr/bin/python

import os

dict = {}

for d, fd, fl in os.walk('/home/ahda/Program/'):

        for f in fl:

                sufix = os.path.splitext(f)[1][1:]

                if dict.has_key(sufix):

                        dict[sufix] += 1

                else:

                        dict[sufix] = 1

for item in dict.items():

        print "%s : %s" % item

这里的关键是os.path.splitext()
如abc/ef.g.h ，这里获取到的是h

2. python查找遍历指定文件路径下指定后缀名的文件实例：

复制代码代码如下:

import os

import sys

import os.path

for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(startdir):

        for filename in filenames:

            if os.path.splitext(filename)[1] == '.txt':

               filepath = os.path.join(dirpath, filename)

               #print("file:" + filepath)

               input_file = open(filepath)

               text = input_file.read()

               input_file.close()

               output_file = open( filepath, 'w')

               output_file.write(text)

               output_file.close()

3. 批量重命名目录中的文件后缀实例：

复制代码代码如下:

import os

def swap_extensions(dir, before, after):

    if before[:1] != '.': #如果参数中的后缀名没有'.'则加上

        before = '.' + before

    thelen = -len(before)

    if after[:1] != '.':

        after = '.' + after

    for path, subdir, files in os.walk(dir):

        for oldfile in files:

            if oldfile[thelen:] == before:

                oldfile = os.path.join(path, oldfile)

                newfile = oldfile[:thelen] + after

                os.rename(oldfile, newfile)

                print oldfile +' changed to ' + newfile

if __name__ == '__main__':

    import sys

    if len(sys.argv) != 4:

        print 'Usage:swap_extension.py rootdir before after'

        sys.exit(1)

    swap_extensions(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3])

例子:将e:/py/test目录下.php结尾的文件重命名为.py

E:py>python_cook e:/py/test .php .py
e:/py/testtest.php changed to e:/py/testtest.py
e:/py/test1.php changed to e:/py/test1.py
e:/py/test2.php changed to e:/py/test2.py

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。