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在python中Template可以将字符串的格式固定下来，重复利用。同一套测试框架为了可以复用，所以我们可以将用例部分做参数化，然后运用到各个项目中。

代码如下：

coding=utf-8
'''
作者：大石
功能：自动生成pyunit框架下的接口测试用例
环境：python2.7.6
用法：将用户给的参数处理成对应格式,然后调用模块类生成函数，并将参数传入即可
'''
 
from string import Template
#动态生成单个测试用例函数字符串
def singleMethodCreate(MethodList,interfaceNamePara):
  code=Template('''\n  def test_${testcase}(self):
    u"""${testcaseName}"""
    headers = $headers
    data = $data
    re = requests.$method(url='$url',headers=headers,data=data)
    status_code = re.status_code
    s = str(status_code)
    json = re.text
    logging.info('-'*5+'返回状态码是'+s+'-'*5)
    logging.info('-'*5+'返回结果集是'+json+'-'*5)
    assert status_code == 200
    assert json['status'] == 'ok'
''')
 
  string = code.substitute(testcase=MethodList["testcase"],testcaseName=MethodList["TestcaseName"],
               method=MethodList['method'],url=MethodList['url'],headers=MethodList['headers'],data=MethodList['data'],
               )
  return string
 
#拼接单个的测试用例函数字符串为完整字符串并传回主函数
#MethodParaList获取测试用例部分list
def methodCreate(MethodParaList,interfaceNamePara):
  string = ""
  for MethodPara in MethodParaList:
    string2=singleMethodCreate(MethodPara,interfaceNamePara)
    string=string+string2
  return string
 
#构造单个测试集
def singleTestsuitCreate(MethodList,parameters):
  code = Template('''suite.addTest(${className}("test_${testcase}"))''')
  string = code.substitute(testcase = MethodList["testcase"],className = parameters[0])
  return string
 
#添加测试集
def addtestsuit(MethodParaList,interfaceNamePara):
  string = ""
  for MethodPara in MethodParaList:
    string2 = singleTestsuitCreate(MethodPara,interfaceNamePara)
    string=string+string2
  return string
 
#生成测试用例类函数字符串
def modelClassCreate(parameters):
  modelCode = methodCreate(parameters[2],parameters[1])
  adtestsuit = addtestsuit(parameters[2],parameters)
  code = Template('''#coding: utf-8
"""
作者：大石
功能：待执行的接口测试用例
环境：python2.7.6
用法：通过框架自动触发调用
"""
import unittest,requests,datetime,sys,logging,BSTestRunner,time,os
from Log import Log
class ${className}(unittest.TestCase):
  u"""待测试接口：${interfaceName}"""
  def setUp(self):
    logging.info('-'*5+"begin test"+"-"*5)
  def tearDown(self):
    logging.info('-'*5+"end test"+'-'*5)
  ${model}
if __name__ == "__main__":
  #解决UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe5 in position 97: ordinal not in range(128)
  reload(sys)
  sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')
  #构造测试集
  suite = unittest.TestSuite()
  ${testsuite}
  #定义date为日期，time为时间
  date=time.strftime("%Y%m%d")
  time1=time.strftime("%H%M%S")
  now=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H_%M_%S",time.localtime(time.time()))
  #创建路径
  path='F:/test/study/yaml/test_log/'+now+"/"
  #解决多次执行时报路径已存在的错误
  try:
    os.makedirs(path)
  except:
    if path!= None:
      logging.error(u'当前路径已经存在')
  filename=path+'Report.html'
  fp=file(filename,'wb')
  #日志记录
  Log.log()
  #执行测试
  runner =BSTestRunner.BSTestRunner(stream=fp,title=u'下单平台接口测试用例',description=u'接口用例列表：')
  runner.run(suite)
  fp.close()
''')
  fileStr = code.substitute(className=parameters[0],interfaceName=parameters[1],testsuite=adtestsuit,model=modelCode)
  f=open(parameters[0]+".py",'w')
  f.write(fileStr)
  f.close()

然后测试用例部分如下：

parameters=["Testcase_Orders",
        "/login",
        [
          {"TestcaseName":"测试登录","method":"post","url":"http://www.senbaba.cn/login","headers":{'content-type': 'application/json',
          'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko',
          'Accept':'application/x-ms-application, image/jpeg, application/xaml+xml, image/gif, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, */*',
          'Accept-Language':'zh-CN'},"data":{"uname":"187071484771","pwd":"123456"},
            "testcase":"login"},
 
          {"TestcaseName":"测试登录","method":"post","url":"http://www.senbaba.cn/login1","headers":{'content-type': 'application/json',
          'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko',
          'Accept':'application/x-ms-application, image/jpeg, application/xaml+xml, image/gif, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, */*',
          'Accept-Language':'zh-CN'},"data":{"uname":"187071484771","pwd":"123457"},
            "testcase":"login_failed"}
        ]
      ]

自动生成的测试用例如下：

#coding: utf-8
"""
作者：大石
功能：待执行的接口测试用例
环境：python2.7.6
用法：通过框架自动触发调用
"""
import unittest,requests,datetime,sys,logging,BSTestRunner,time,os
from Log import Log
class Testcase_Orders(unittest.TestCase):
  u"""待测试接口：/login"""
  def setUp(self):
    logging.info('-'*5+"begin test"+"-"*5)
 
  def tearDown(self):
    logging.info('-'*5+"end test"+'-'*5)
 
  
  def test_login(self):
    u"""测试登录"""
    headers = {'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN', 'content-type': 'application/json', 'Accept': 'application/x-ms-application, image/jpeg, application/xaml+xml, image/gif, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, */*', 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko'}
    data = {'uname': '187071484771', 'pwd': '123456'}
    re = requests.post(url='http://www.senbaba.cn/login',headers=headers,data=data)
    status_code = re.status_code
    s = str(status_code)
    json = re.text
    logging.info('-'*5+'返回状态码是'+s+'-'*5)
    logging.info('-'*5+'返回结果集是'+json+'-'*5)
    assert status_code == 200
    assert json['status'] == 'ok'
 
  def test_login_failed(self):
    u"""测试登录"""
    headers = {'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN', 'content-type': 'application/json', 'Accept': 'application/x-ms-application, image/jpeg, application/xaml+xml, image/gif, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, */*', 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko'}
    data = {'uname': '187071484771', 'pwd': '123457'}
    re = requests.post(url='http://www.senbaba.cn/login1',headers=headers,data=data)
    status_code = re.status_code
    s = str(status_code)
    json = re.text
    logging.info('-'*5+'返回状态码是'+s+'-'*5)
    logging.info('-'*5+'返回结果集是'+json+'-'*5)
    assert status_code == 200
    assert json['status'] == 'ok'
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
  #解决UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe5 in position 97: ordinal not in range(128)
  reload(sys)
  sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')
  #构造测试集
  suite = unittest.TestSuite()
  
  suite.addTest(Testcase_Orders("test_login"))
 
  suite.addTest(Testcase_Orders("test_login_failed"))
 
  #定义date为日期，time为时间
  date=time.strftime("%Y%m%d")
  time1=time.strftime("%H%M%S")
  now=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H_%M_%S",time.localtime(time.time()))
  #创建路径
  path='F:/test/study/yaml/test_log/'+now+"/"
  #解决多次执行时报路径已存在的错误
  try:
    os.makedirs(path)
  except:
    if path!= None:
      logging.error(u'当前路径已经存在')
  filename=path+'Report.html'
  fp=file(filename,'wb')
  #日志记录
  Log.log()
  #执行测试
  runner =BSTestRunner.BSTestRunner(stream=fp,title=u'下单平台接口测试用例',description=u'接口用例列表：')
  runner.run(suite)
  fp.close()

20171019添加测试集的一个简单方法：

#添加测试集
def addtestsuit(parameters):
  string = ""
  temp = Template('''\n  suite.addTest(${className}("test_${testcase}"))
''')
  l = len(parameters[2])
  for i in range(0,l):
    testcase1 = parameters[2][i]['testcase']
    string2 = temp.substitute(className = parameters[0],testcase = testcase1)
    string=string+string2
    print string
  return string

以上这篇对python自动生成接口测试的示例讲解就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持【听图阁-专注于Python设计】。

对python自动生成接口测试的示例讲解

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