from libtiff import TIFF
# to open a tiff file for reading:
tif = TIFF.open('filename.tif', mode='r')
# to read an image in the currect TIFF directory and return it as numpy array:
image = tif.read_image()
# to read all images in a TIFF file:
for image in tif.iter_images(): # do stuff with image
# to open a tiff file for writing:
tif = TIFF.open('filename.tif', mode='w')
# to write a image to tiff file
tif.write_image(image)

from libtiff import TIFFfile, TIFFimage
# to open a tiff file for reading
tif = TIFFfile('filename.tif')
# to return memmaps of images and sample names (eg channel names, SamplesPerPixel>=1)
samples, sample_names = tiff.get_samples()
# to create a tiff structure from image data
tiff = TIFFimage(data, description='')
# to write tiff structure to file
tiff.write_file('filename.tif', compression='none') # or 'lzw'
del tiff # flushes data to disk

from libtiff import TIFF 
from scipy import misc 
 
##tiff文件解析成图像序列 
##tiff_image_name: tiff文件名； 
##out_folder：保存图像序列的文件夹 
##out_type：保存图像的类型，如.jpg、.png、.bmp等 
def tiff_to_image_array(tiff_image_name, out_folder, out_type):  
      
  tif = TIFF.open(tiff_image_name, mode = "r") 
  idx = 0 
  for im in list(tif.iter_images()): 
    # 
    im_name = out_folder + str(idx) + out_type 
    misc.imsave(im_name, im) 
    print im_name, 'successfully saved!!!' 
    idx = idx + 1 
  return 
 
##图像序列保存成tiff文件 
##image_dir：图像序列所在文件夹 
##file_name：要保存的tiff文件名 
##image_type:图像序列的类型 
##image_num:要保存的图像数目 
def image_array_to_tiff(image_dir, file_name, image_type, image_num): 
 
  out_tiff = TIFF.open(file_name, mode = 'w') 
   
  #这里假定图像名按序号排列 
  for i in range(0, image_num): 
    image_name = image_dir + str(i) + image_type 
    image_array = Image.open(image_name) 
    #缩放成统一尺寸 
    img = image_array.resize((480, 480), Image.ANTIALIAS) 
    out_tiff.write_image(img, compression = None, write_rgb = True) 
     
  out_tiff.close() 
  return  

import cv2


cv2.imread("filename",flags)

对于cv2，imread的关于通道数和位深的flags有四种选择：

IMREAD_UNCHANGED = -1#不进行转化，比如保存为了16位的图片，读取出来仍然为16位。
IMREAD_GRAYSCALE = 0#进行转化为灰度图，比如保存为了16位的图片，读取出来为8位，类型为CV_8UC1。
IMREAD_COLOR = 1#进行转化为RGB三通道图像，图像深度转为8位
IMREAD_ANYDEPTH = 2#保持图像深度不变，进行转化为灰度图。
IMREAD_ANYCOLOR = 4#若图像通道数小于等于3，则保持原通道数不变；若通道数大于3则只取取前三个通道。图像深度转为8位
对于多通道TIFF图像，若要保证图像数据的正常读取，显然要选择IMREAD_UNCHANGED作为imread的flags设置值。

>>> import Image
>>> im = Image.open("j.jpg")
>>> print im.format, im.size, im.mode
JPEG (440, 330) RGB

>>> box = (100, 100, 200, 200)
 >>> region = im.crop(box)
 >>> region.show()
 >>> region = region.transpose(Image.ROTATE_180)
 >>> region.show()
 >>> im.paste(region, box)
 >>> im.show()

def roll(image, delta):
  "Roll an image sideways"

  xsize, ysize = image.size

  delta = delta % xsize
  if delta == 0: return image

  part1 = image.crop((0, 0, delta, ysize))
  part2 = image.crop((delta, 0, xsize, ysize))
  image.paste(part2, (0, 0, xsize-delta, ysize))
  image.paste(part1, (xsize-delta, 0, xsize, ysize))

  return image

>>>out = im.resize((128, 128))           #
 >>>out = im.rotate(45)               #逆时针旋转 45 度角。
 >>>out = im.transpose(Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)    #左右对换。
 >>>out = im.transpose(Image.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM)    #上下对换。
 >>>out = im.transpose(Image.ROTATE_90)       #旋转 90 度角。
 >>>out = im.transpose(Image.ROTATE_180)      #旋转 180 度角。
>>>out = im.transpose(Image.ROTATE_270)      #旋转 270 度角。

import os, sys
from PIL import Image

for infile in sys.argv[1:]:
  outfile = os.path.splitext(infile)[0] + ".thumbnail"
  if infile != outfile:
    try:
      im  = Image.open(infile)
      x, y = im.size
      im.thumbnail((x//2, y//2))
      im.save(outfile, "JPEG")
    except IOError:
      print "cannot create thumbnail for", infile

Creates an image memory from an object exporting the array interface (using the buffer protocol).

If obj is not contiguous, then the tobytes method is called and frombuffer() is used.

Parameters: 
obj – Object with array interface
mode – Mode to use (will be determined from type if None) See: Modes.
Returns: 
An image object.

New in version 1.1.6.